Qualifications
| Degree/ Diploma | Field of study | Higher Education Institution | Year | Distinctions |
| BPrimEd | Senior Primary | University of Pretoria | 1983 | |
| BA(Hons) | History | University of Pretoria | 1984 | Cum Laude |
| MA | History | University of Pretoria | 1992 | |
| DPhil | History | University of Pretoria | 1999 | |
| Higher Education Diploma | Pre-primary | South African College of Teacher Education | 2001 | Cum Laude |
| Masters in Development Studies | Development Studies | University of the Free State | 2003 | Cum Laude |